mysql導入數據方法(txt,csv)

本文章介紹了利用 mysqlimport命令來實現數據導入方法，包括txt,csv,.sql的文件的操作，有需要了解的同學可參考一下。

 

mysqlimport
示例
mysqlimport -uroot -p123456 test /tmp/mytbl.txt;
約定：文件名的最後一部分為表名，以上語句導入到表mytbl
mysqlimport必須指定數據庫，以上語句數據庫為test
 

 導入csv

mysqlimport -uroot -p --local --lines-terminated-by="rn" --fields-terminated-by="," --fields-enclosed-by=""" test /tmp/mytbl.csv
 

load data
示例
mysql> load data  infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl
load data可以不指定數據庫
以上語句中，mysql必須有/tmp/的讀權限
導入csv
mysql> load data  infile '/tmp/mytbl.csv' into table mytbl fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by 'rn'
 

處理重復主鍵
替換已有值
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' replace into table mytbl fields terminated by 't' lines terminated by 'n'
表中已有則不導入
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.csv' ignore into table mytbl fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by 'rn'
跳過文件行
以下示例為跳過第一行
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl ignore 1 lines;
預處理
文件data.txt內容：
Date Time Name Weight State
2006-09-01 12:00:00 Bill Wills 200 Nevada
2006-09-02 09:00:00 Jeff Deft 150 Oklahoma
2006-09-04 03:00:00 Bob Hobbs 225 Utah
2006-09-07 08:00:00 Hank Banks 175 Texas
文件必須被加載入如下的表
create table tbl
(
dt datetime,
last_name char(10),
first_name char(10),
weight_kg float,
st_abbrev char(2)
)
create table states
(
name varchar(20),
shortname char(2)
)
states 表中內容:
name shortname
Nevada NV
Oklahoma OK
Utah UT
Texas TX
insert into states
values('Nevada','NV')
,('Oklahoma','OK')
,('Utah', 'UT')
,('Texas', 'TX')
導入：
load data infile '/tmp/data.txt' into table tbl
ignore 1 lines
(@date,@time,@name,@weight_lb,@state)
set dt=concat(@date,' ',@time),
     first_name=substring_index(@name,' ',1),
     last_name=substring_index(@name,' ',-1),
     weight_kg=@weight_lb * .454,
     st_abbrev = (select shortname from states where name=@state);
 
結果：
mysql> select * from tbl;                                                                                                                                               +---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| dt                  | last_name | first_name | weight_kg | st_abbrev |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| 2006-09-01 12:00:00 | Wills     | Bill       |      90.8 | NV        |
| 2006-09-02 09:00:00 | Deft      | Jeff       |      68.1 | OK        |
| 2006-09-04 03:00:00 | Hobbs     | Bob        |    102.15 | UT        |
| 2006-09-07 08:00:00 | Banks     | Hank       |     79.45 | TX        |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
將windows本地文件導入到linux下的mysql數據庫，加local
load data local infile 'C:/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl fields terminated by 't' lines terminated by 'rn'