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詳解VB6實現MUI程序

   之前,我負責一個VB6編寫的辦公自動化系統,要求能在運行時,支持在不同語言間切換(英文,中文,日文,德文,法文和西班牙文);實質就是實現一個VB6的MUI程序.

  這個需要的困難在於VB6顯示文本的標准控件(Label,Textbox等)不支持Unicode;但字符串在其內部是按Unicode保存的,也就是說VB6本身是支持Unicode的.

  VB6中,標准控件顯示字符串的過程如下:

  1) 標准控件先將Unicode字符串轉換成ANSI字符串;

  2) 標准控件嘗試將ANSI字符串轉換成其Font.Charset屬性中指定的字符集格式的字符串;如果轉換失敗,則顯示為問號(?).

  具體可參照:Display Unicode Strings in Visual Basic 6.0.

  因此,實現MUI程序的思路有兩種:

  1) 將標准控件替換為能支持Unicode的控件;

  2) 將資源文件中不同字符集的文本,轉換為ANSI格式,提供給標准控件使用;

  第1)種方式可用 Forms 2.0 (fm20.dll);

  第2)種方式,我在網上找到兩篇文章,但各有不足:

  a) Auto-Detect Language and Display Unicode in VB6 TextBox and Label Controls;

  ChilkatCharset2控件需購買,具對日文的一些標點符號(如全角句號)不支持.

  b) How To Convert from ANSI to Unicode & Unicode to ANSI for OLE

  沒有測試成功.

  下面,著重介紹我自己認為比較成功的實現,它使用了ADODB.Stream(msado25.tlb);其實現思路如下:

  1) 將程序中用到的文本保存為Unicode格式的資源文件中;

  之所以將資源文本保存為雙字節的Unicode格式,而非Utf8或Utf7格式,可省去從其它格式向VB6支持的Unicode格式轉換過程.

  2) 將顯示文本的標准控件的Font.Charset,設置為程序要顯示語言所對應的字符集,並設置一種支持這種字符集的字體到Font.Name屬性

  If g_Str.NumJapanese > 0 Then

  charset = "Shift_JIS"

  Text1.Font.Name = "MS UI Gothic"

  Text1.Font.charset = 128

  ElseIf g_Str.NumKorean > 0 Then

  charset = "ks_c_5601-1987"

  Text1.Font.Name = "GulimChe"

  Text1.Font.charset = 129

  ElseIf g_Str.NumCentralEuro > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-1250"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Arial"

  Text1.Font.charset = 238

  ElseIf g_Str.NumArabic > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-1256"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Traditional Arabic"

  Text1.Font.charset = 178

  ElseIf g_Str.NumHebrew > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-1255"

  Text1.Font.Name = "David"

  Text1.Font.charset = 177

  ElseIf g_Str.NumCyrillic > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-1251"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Arial"

  Text1.Font.charset = 204

  ElseIf g_Str.NumGreek > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-1253"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Arial"

  Text1.Font.charset = 161

  ElseIf g_Str.NumThai > 0 Then

  charset = "windows-874"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Angsana New"

  Text1.Font.charset = 222

  ElseIf g_Str.NumChinese > 0 Then

  charset = "gb2312"

  Text1.Font.Name = "SimSun"

  Text1.Font.charset = 134

  ' An alternative is to use Big5:

  ' Text1.Font.Name = "MingLiu"

  'charset = "big5"

  'fontCh = 136

  Else

  charset = "windows-1252"

  Text1.Font.charset = 0

  Text1.Font.Name = "Arial" End If 3)

  根據要顯示的語言,利用ADODB.Stream將資源文件中Unicode格式保存的字符串轉換成操作系統的區域語言(Locale)支持字符集的字符串;

  ' 調用API來獲取操作系統默認的區域語言設置(LocaleID)

  Private Declare Function GetSystemDefaultLCID Lib "kernel32" () As Long

  ' 將Unicode字符串,轉換為指定字符集的字節數組;

  ' 用於轉換用資源文件中讀取的文本;

  Public Function ConvertStringToBytes(ByRef strText As String, charset As String) As Byte()

  Dim objStream As ADODB.Stream

  Dim data() As Byte

  ' init stream

  Set objStream = New ADODB.Stream

  objStream.charset = charset

  objStream.Mode = adModeReadWrite

  objStream.Type = adTypeText

  objStream.Open

  ' write bytes into stream

  objStream.WriteText strText

  objStream.Flush

  ' rewind stream and read text

  objStream.Position = 0

  objStream.Type = adTypeBinary '

  objStream.Read 3 ' skip first 3 bytes as this is the utf-8 marker

  data = objStream.Read()

  ' close up and return

  objStream.Close

  ConvertStringToUtf8Bytes = data

  End Function '

  轉換為指定字符集的字節數組,轉換為ANSI(即LocaleID)對應的字符集的字符串; ' 用於將ConvertStringToBytes()返回的字節數組轉換為GetCharset()字符集的字符串.

  Public Function ConvertBytesToString(ByRef data() As Byte, charset As String) As String

  Dim objStream As ADODB.Stream

  Dim strTmp As String

  ' init stream

  Set objStream = New ADODB.Stream

  objStream.charset = charset

  objStream.Mode = adModeReadWrite

  objStream.Type = adTypeBinary

  objStream.Open

  ' write bytes into stream

  objStream.Write data

  objStream.Flush

  ' rewind stream and read text

  objStream.Position = 0

  objStream.Type = adTypeText

  strTmp = objStream.ReadText

  ' close up and return

  objStream.Close

  ConvertUtf8BytesToString = strTmp

  End Function

  '獲取操作系統默認區域語言對應的字符集

  Public Function GetCharset() As String

  Dim localeId As Long

  Dim charset As String

  ' 獲取操作系統的LocaleId

  localeId = GetSystemDefaultLCID()

  Select Case localeId

  Case 1033

  charset = "windows-1252"

  Case 2052

  charset = "gb2312"

  Case 1041

  charset = "Shift_JIS"

  Case Else

  charset = "windows-1252"

  End Select

  GetCharset = charset End Function

  '顯示資源文本中的文本

  Private Sub DisplayText(filename As String)

  '保存資源文本中的文本的變量

  Dim textBytes As Variant

  Dim f As New FileSystemObject

  Dim fs As TextStream

  '將Unicode文本讀取到變量中

  Set fs = f.OpenTextFile(filename, ForReading, False, TristateTrue)

  Do While Not fs.AtEndOfStream

  textBytes = fs.ReadAll

  Loop fs.Close

  ' Convert to a Unicode string:

  Dim s As String

  s = textBytes

  Dim t As Long

  ' CkString是免費的第三方組件,可自動判定一個字符串所對應的字符集

  ' 下載地址:http://www.chilkatsoft.com/download/CkString.zip

  Dim g_Str As New CkString

  g_Str.Str = s

  '獲取資源文本所代表的字符集名稱,設置對應的字體和字符集到textbox上

  Dim charset As String

  If g_Str.NumJapanese > 0 Then '日文

  charset = "Shift_JIS"

  Text1.Font.Name = "MS UI Gothic"

  Text1.Font.charset = 128

  ElseIf g_Str.NumKorean > 0 Then '韓語

  charset = "ks_c_5601-1987"

  Text1.Font.Name = "GulimChe"

  Text1.Font.charset = 129

  ElseIf g_Str.NumCentralEuro > 0 Then '中歐語言

  charset = "windows-1250"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Arial"

  Text1.Font.charset = 238

  ElseIf g_Str.NumArabic > 0 Then '阿拉伯語

  charset = "windows-1256"

  Text1.Font.Name = "Traditional A

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