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php中hashtable實現示例分享

 對php內核有一定了解的人應該都知道php的精髓就是HashTable,這篇文章主要介紹了php中hashtable實現示例,需要的朋友可以參考下

對php內核有一定了解的人應該都知道php的精髓就是HashTable,HashTable在php的實現中無處不在。包括php的數組、什麼全局變量、局部變量的作用域等等,php的hashtable拆開來說就是四部分:   hash函數:用的是time33的散列函數,將一個字符串的key轉換成一個數字 一個C數組:用來儲存桶(buckets)的 兩個雙向的鏈表:第一個雙向鏈表是數組的每個元素(桶bucket)是一個雙向鏈表,這樣做是為了解決hash沖突;第二個雙向鏈表是數組將每一個桶(bucket)連接起來,這裡要連接的也就是第一個雙向鏈表的鏈表頭,這樣做是為了遍歷整個hash表用的,鳥哥有篇blog是講php的foreach的,這裡這樣設計就是給foreach用的==>《深入理解PHP之數組(遍歷順序)》 我這裡不再說hashtable的struct和bucket的struct了,因為下面的推薦鏈接幾乎都講了,我不覺得我能描述和說的比他們好,每個人的水平不一樣,我就以我現在的技術水平來描述,所以我就只把我整理的一些東西記錄一下   下面是php中hash實現的兩個文件:zend_hash.c zend_hash.h。這兩個文件裡面實現了一堆的api,也引申出了一堆的api,下面是實現出來的api的原型    代碼如下: ZEND_API ulong zend_hash_func(const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength)  ZEND_API ulong zend_get_hash_value(const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength)  ZEND_API int _zend_hash_init(HashTable *ht, uint nSize, hash_func_t pHashFunction, dtor_func_t pDestructor, zend_bool persistent ZEND_FILE_LINE_DC)  ZEND_API void zend_hash_set_apply_protection(HashTable *ht, zend_bool bApplyProtection) ZEND_API int _zend_hash_add_or_update(HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest, int flag ZEND_FILE_LINE_DC) ZEND_API int _zend_hash_quick_add_or_update(HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, ulong h, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest, int flag ZEND_FILE_LINE_DC) ZEND_API int _zend_hash_index_update_or_next_insert(HashTable *ht, ulong h, void *pData, uint nDataSize, void **pDest, int flag ZEND_FILE_LINE_DC) ZEND_API int zend_hash_rehash(HashTable *ht) static int zend_hash_do_resize(HashTable *ht) ZEND_API int zend_hash_del_key_or_index(HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, ulong h, int flag) ZEND_API void zend_hash_destroy(HashTable *ht) ZEND_API void zend_hash_clean(HashTable *ht) static Bucket *zend_hash_apply_deleter(HashTable *ht, Bucket *p) ZEND_API void zend_hash_graceful_destroy(HashTable *ht) ZEND_API void zend_hash_graceful_reverse_destroy(HashTable *ht) ZEND_API void zend_hash_apply(HashTable *ht, apply_func_t apply_func TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_API void zend_hash_apply_with_argument(HashTable *ht, apply_func_arg_t apply_func, void *argument TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_API void zend_hash_apply_with_arguments(HashTable *ht TSRMLS_DC, apply_func_args_t apply_func, int num_args, …) ZEND_API void zend_hash_reverse_apply(HashTable *ht, apply_func_t apply_func TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_API void zend_hash_copy(HashTable *target, HashTable *source, copy_ctor_func_t pCopyConstructor, void *tmp, uint size) ZEND_API void _zend_hash_merge(HashTable *target, HashTable *source, copy_ctor_func_t pCopyConstructor, void *tmp, uint size, int overwrite ZEND_FILE_LINE_DC) static zend_bool zend_hash_replace_checker_wrapper(HashTable *target, void *source_data, Bucket *p, void *pParam, merge_checker_func_t merge_checker_func) ZEND_API void zend_hash_merge_ex(HashTable *target, HashTable *source, copy_ctor_func_t pCopyConstructor, uint size, merge_checker_func_t pMergeSource, void *pParam)     ZEND_API int zend_hash_find(const HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, void **pData) ZEND_API int zend_hash_quick_find(const HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, ulong h, void **pData) ZEND_API int zend_hash_exists(const HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength) ZEND_API int zend_hash_quick_exists(const HashTable *ht, const char *arKey, uint nKeyLength, ulong h) ZEND_API int zend_hash_index_find(const HashTable *ht, ulong h, void **pData) ZEND_API int zend_hash_index_exists(const HashTable *ht, ulong h)  ZEND_API int zend_hash_num_elements(const HashTable *ht) ZEND_API int zend_hash_get_pointer(const HashTable *ht, HashPointer *ptr) ZEND_API int zend_hash_set_pointer(HashTable *ht, const HashPointer *ptr) ZEND_API void zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(HashTable *ht, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API void zend_hash_internal_pointer_end_ex(HashTable *ht, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_move_forward_ex(HashTable *ht, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_move_backwards_ex(HashTable *ht, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_get_current_key_ex(const HashTable *ht, char **str_index, uint *str_length, ulong *num_index, zend_bool duplicate, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_get_current_key_type_ex(HashTable *ht, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(HashTable *ht, void **pData, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_update_current_key_ex(HashTable *ht, int key_type, const char *str_index, uint str_length, ulong num_index, int mode, HashPosition *pos) ZEND_API int zend_hash_sort(HashTable *ht, sort_func_t sort_func, compare_func_t compar, int renumber TSRMLS_DC)  ZEND_API int zend_hash_compare(HashTable *ht1, HashTable *ht2, compare_func_t compar, zend_bool ordered TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_API int zend_hash_minmax(const HashTable *ht, compare_func_t compar, int flag, void **pData TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_API ulong zend_hash_next_free_element(const HashTable *ht) void zend_hash_display_pListTail(const HashTable *ht) void zend_hash_display(const HashTable *ht)   
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