在多數情況下我們不需要判斷css文件是否加載成功了,但有些時間這個功能還是需要的,今天我來整理了兼容各種浏覽器的判斷CSS文件加載完畢實現方法與各位分享
要判斷這個 CSS 文件是否加載完畢,各個浏覽器的做法差異比較大,這次要說IE浏覽器做的不錯,我們可以直接通過onload方法來處理CSS加載完成以後的處理: 代碼如下: // 代碼節選至seajs function styleOnload(node, callback) { // for IE6-9 and Opera if (node.attachEvent) { node.attachEvent('onload', callback); // NOTICE: // 1. "onload" will be fired in IE6-9 when the file is 404, but in // this situation, Opera does nothing, so fallback to timeout. // 2. "onerror" doesn't fire in any browsers! } } 很遺憾,這次在其他的浏覽器中,想判斷CSS是否加載完成就不是那麼方便了,FF,webkit可以通過node.sheet.cssRules屬性是否存在來判斷是否加載完畢。而且需要使用setTimeout間隔事件輪詢: 代碼如下: // 代碼節選至seajs function poll(node, callback) { if (callback.isCalled) { return; } var isLoaded = false; if (/webkit/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {//webkit if (node['sheet']) { isLoaded = true; } } // for Firefox else if (node['sheet']) { try { if (node['sheet'].cssRules) { isLoaded = true; } } catch (ex) { // NS_ERROR_DOM_SECURITY_ERR if (ex.code === 1000) { isLoaded = true; } } } if (isLoaded) { // give time to render. setTimeout(function() { callback(); }, 1); } else { setTimeout(function() { poll(node, callback); }, 1); } } setTimeout(function() { poll(node, callback); }, 0); SeaJS給出的完整的處理是這樣的: 代碼如下: function styleOnload(node, callback) { // for IE6-9 and Opera if (node.attachEvent) { node.attachEvent('onload', callback); // NOTICE: // 1. "onload" will be fired in IE6-9 when the file is 404, but in // this situation, Opera does nothing, so fallback to timeout. // 2. "onerror" doesn't fire in any browsers! } // polling for Firefox, Chrome, Safari else { setTimeout(function() { poll(node, callback); }, 0); // for cache } } function poll(node, callback) { if (callback.isCalled) { return; } var isLoaded = false; if (/webkit/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {//webkit if (node['sheet']) { isLoaded = true; } } // for Firefox else if (node['sheet']) { try { if (node['sheet'].cssRules) { isLoaded = true; } } catch (ex) { // NS_ERROR_DOM_SECURITY_ERR if (ex.code === 1000) { isLoaded = true; } } } if (isLoaded) { // give time to render. setTimeout(function() { callback(); }, 1); } else { setTimeout(function() { poll(node, callback); }, 1); } } // 我的動態創建LINK函數 function createLink(cssURL,lnkId,charset,media){ var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0], linkTag = null; if(!cssURL){ return false; } linkTag = document.createElement('link'); linkTag.setAttribute('id',(lnkId || 'dynamic-style')); linkTag.setAttribute('rel','stylesheet'); linkTag.setAttribute('charset',(charset || 'utf-8')); linkTag.setAttribute('media',(media||'all')); linkTag.setAttribute('type','text/css'); linkTag.href = cssURL; head.appendChild(linkTag); } function loadcss(){ var styleNode = createLink('/wp-content/themes/BlueNight/style.css'); styleOnload(styleNode,function(){ alert("loaded"); }); } 在看到seajs的代碼的時候,我立刻想起了我看到Diego Perini的另一個解決方案: 代碼如下: /* * Copyright (C) 2010 Diego Perini * All rights reserved. * * cssready.js - CSS loaded/ready state notification * * Author: Diego Perini <diego.perini at gmail com> * Version: 0.1 * Created: 20100616 * Release: 20101104 * * License: * http://www.jb51.net * Download: * http://javascript.nwbox.com/cssready/cssready.js */ function cssReady(fn, link) { var d = document, t = d.createStyleSheet, r = t ? 'rules' : 'cssRules', s = t ? 'styleSheet' : 'sheet', l = d.getElementsByTagName('link'); // passed link or last link node link || (link = l[l.length - 1]); function check() { try { return link && link[s] && link[s][r] && link[s][r][0]; } catch(e) { return false; } } (function poll() { check() && setTimeout(fn, 0) || setTimeout(poll, 100); })(); } 其實,如果你讀過jQuery的domready事件的判斷的代碼,原理也類似。也是通過setTimeout輪詢的方式來判斷DOM節點是否加載完畢。 還有,Fackbook則是通過在動態創建的CSS樣式中包含一個固定的樣式,例如#loadcssdom,loadcssdom就是一個高度為1px樣式。然後動態創建一個DOM對象,添加這個loadcssdom樣式。然後也是setTimeout輪詢loadcssdo是否已經有1px的高度了。這個處理方式的解決方案,大家可以下《CSSP: Loading CSS with Javascript – and getting an onload callback.》 而《JavaScript Patterns》的作者Stoyan則在他的博客裡,比較詳細的說明了《When is a stylesheet really loaded?》。 看完了這些,你可能會感歎:汗,判斷CSS是否加載完畢,目前還真不是那麼容易!其實我這裡算是一個拋磚引玉,因為開發中,除了動態加載CSS,我們還要動態加載JavaScript,動態加載HTML的操作,有空我也會寫關於動態加載JavaScript的相關內容,不過在那之前,我建議你看看這些: 《ensure – Ensure JavaScripts/HTML/CSS are loaded on-demand when needed》,這個庫是專門處理動態加載HTML,CSS,JavaScript的。就像作者介紹的那樣: ensure is a tiny JavaScript library that provides a handy function ensure which allows you to load JavaScript, HTML, CSS on-demand, and then execute your code. ensure www.jb51.net ensures that the relevant JavaScript and HTML snippets are already in the browser DOM before executing your code that uses them. 《