RHCE302重要學習知識點

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　　INSTALLATION
　　
　　Use the right boot disk for the installation:
　　
　　boot.img - Standard installation
　　bootnet.img - Network installation
　　pcmcia.img - PCMCIA required installation
　　Install LILO in an appropriate location:
　　
　　MBR - If LILO will be the default bootloader
　　First partition of boot sector - If you're using another OS bootloader
　　
　　
　　LINUX FILESYSTEM
　　
　　The root filesystem is made up of 12 directories by default:
　　
　　/bin /home /proc
　　/dev /opt /usr
　　/etc /lost+found /var
　　/sbin /mnt /usr/local
　　
　　
　　KERNEL COMPILING
　　Three options are available for configuring a kernel:
　　
　　make config
　　make menuconfig
　　make xconfig
　　There are two types of kernel images:
　　
　　zlmage (small kernel images)
　　bzlmage (compressed kernel images)
　　The seven steps for compiling a kernel are:
　　
　　make configuration (makeconfig, make menuconfig, or make xconfig)
　　make dep
　　make clean
　　make bzlmage (or zlmage)
　　make modules
　　make modules_install
　　configure LILO and reboot
　　Three shorter steps for compiling a kernel are:
　　
　　make configuration (make config, make menuconfig, or make xconfig)
　　make dep clean bzlmage modules modules_install
　　configure LILO and reboot
　　
　　
　　X WINDOW SYSTEM
　　Three X configuration tools are:
　　
　　Xconfigurator
　　XF86Setup
　　xf86config
　　
　　
　　APACHE
　　The main configuration directory is /etc/httpd/conf/.
　　
　　The main Apache configuration file is httpd.conf, used for httpd server configuration.
　　
　　To configure a virtual host, follow these steps:
　　
　　Set NameVirtualHost (NameVirtualHost 192.168.0.1).
　　Set VirtualHost ().
　　Set DocumentRoot.
　　Set ServerName.
　　Set ErrorLog.
　　Set TransferLog.
　　Close VirtualHost ().
　　Restart httpd (/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart).
　　
　　
　　EMAIL
　　There are three components of email:
　　
　　MTA - Mail transfer agent (sendmail)
　　MDA - Mail delivery agent (procmail)
　　MUA - Mail user agent (Pine, Elm, Mutt, Netscape)
　　
　　
　　DNS/BIND
　　To configure a domain, follow these steps:
　　
　　Set up a zone in /etc/named.conf.
　　Set up a forward zone file (db.example.com).
　　Set up a reverse zone file (0.168.192.in-addr.arpa).
　　Restart DNS (/etc/rd.d/init.d/named restart).
　　
　　
　　FTP
　　To configure FTP, you need these files:
　　
　　/etc / ftpaccess - For ftpd configuration
　　/etc / ftpusers - For user access control
　　/etc / ftphost - For host access control
　　
　　
　　SAMBA
　　Files used with SMB are:
　　
　　/etc / smb.com - Main configuration file
　　/etc / smbpasswd - Password configuration file
　　To set up an SMB share, follow these steps:
　　
　　Add share to /etc/smb.conf.
　　Use testparm to test /etc/smb.conf syntax.
　　Restart SMB (/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb restart).
　　Access SMB share (smbclient).
　　
　　
　　DHCP
　　To configure a DHCP server, follow these steps:
　　
　　Check for MULTICAST (ifconfig).
　　Add route 255.255.255.255 (route).
　　Start DHCP (/etc/rd.c/init.d/dhcpd start).
　　Verify DHCP service ( /usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -f ).
　　Configure /etc/dhcpd.conf.
　　
　　
　　INETD
　　To enable or disable network services controlled by inetd, you edit the /etc/inetd.conf file.
　　
　　
　　
　　TCP_WRAPPERS
　　Controls access to only those services managed by inetd.
　　
　　To specify access rules, edit:
　　
　　/etc/hosts.allow
　　/etc/hosts.deny
　　
　　
　　ROUTING
　　To set up network and routing services, use these tools:
　　
　　Use route tp sipw pr cpmfogire the IP routing table.
　　Use netstat to display network connections, routing tables and interface information.
　　Use netcfg to configure network information, routing, host information, default servers, and interface connections.
　　Use ifconfig to configure a network interface.
　　
　　
　　IPCHAINS
　　The default chains are:
　　
　　input - Controls incoming connections
　　output - Controls outgoing connections
　　forward - Forwards connections
　　
　　
　　DEBUGGING
　　To debug your machine, follow these steps:
　　
　　Boot your machine. Decide whether you can fix the machine as is, whether you need to boot the system into single-user mode, or whether you need to use system rescue disks.
　　Obtain a set of boot disks.
　　Boot the machine with a floppy disk (or boot into single-user (linux single) mode as determined by step a).
　　Check your filesystem. (fsck)
　　Mount your filesystems. (mount)
　　First mount your root partition. Then mount any other filesystems under your root (/) partition. (mount /dev/hda5/ /mnt/harddrive)
　　Fix the problem.
　　Check to see if you need to restart LILO. (lilo, or lilo -r)
　　Sync any changes to the disk. (sync)
　　Unmount any manually mounted filesystems. (umount)
　　Remove any floppies, CDs, and so on, and reboot (Ctrl+Alt+Del).