Linux 和 Windows 共享交換區

class="23230"> 1.;前言;
現在,越來越多的人在一台使用Linux;和;Windows.;這應該說是Linux的勝利.;我們知
道,;Linux;要使用交換分區，;
Windows;要使用交換文件。如果一台PIII,;有192M;內存，我們分配給Linux;192M;交換
區，;Windows;2000;至少要;
200M.;那麼，我們要用近400M硬盤空間。如果交換區更大，浪費就更可觀了。;
由於兩個系統的交換區都只是運行時的臨時數據,所以,我們采用動態修改分區信息的方法
來達到共享目的.;

2.;方法簡介;
1).;備份Windows;分區信息。;
2).;當啟動Linux時，;將該分區做成Linux;交換區，並將其激活。;
3）;當Linux;關閉時，將該分區重新變成Windows;交換區。;

3.;具體步驟;
1).;分區;
Fdisk,;只分主分區,;不分擴展分區;
2).;安裝;Windows.;
3).;安裝Linux;(占一個主分區);
4).;在Linux;下,;分擴展分區);
5).;設定Linux交換區(假定/dev/hda10);
6).;建立winswap;設備;
ln;-s;/dev/hda10;/dev/winswap;
7).;啟動Linux,;關閉交換區;
#;swapoff;-a;
8).;從文件安裝表中刪除該分區;
vi;/etc/fstab;
注釋掉該行;(/dev/hda10);
9).;將該分區該成;FAT16;或其他;DOS;分區.;
10).;啟動;Windows;
a).;格式化該分區;
b).;將系統的交換文件設在該分區.;
11).;啟動;Linux,;計算Total;Special;Sectors;
公式:;
T;=;r;+;(s;*;f);+;(d;/;16);
參數:;
Reserved;Sectors;at;beginning;:;r;
FAT;Copies;:;f;
Sectors;per;FAT;:;s;
Root;directory;entries;:;d;
參見:;msinfo.sh;
注解:;可以運行;msinfo.sh;來獲得.;
#;msinfo.sh;/dev/hda10;

12).;備份Windows;分區信息;
#;dd;if=/dev/winswap;bs=512;count=XXX;|;gzip;-9;>;/etc/winswap.gz;
這裡,;XXX;=;T;
14).;編寫啟動,;退出腳本,;並把它們放在;/etc/rc.d/xxx.;
可用;grep;-nr;*;|;grep;swapon;(或;swapoff);來找系統激活和關閉交換區,;將它們
替換稱我們;
的腳本);
我們在附錄中提供了啟動和關閉的腳本.;
4.;附加說明;
1.;本文使用的是FAT16,;如果使用NTFS;或其它,;必須修改腳本.;
2.;mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496;(這個值需要修改,;依照你的分區大小);

5.;參考資料:;
Linux;HOWTO:;Swap-space;

6.;附錄;--;相應的腳本;
1.;msinfo.sh;腳本;
#!/bin/sh;
#;
#;msinfo.sh;This;shell;script;displays;the;boot;sector;of;the;
#;given;partition.;
#;
#;Author:;Rahul;U.;Joshi;
#;
#;Modifications;Removed;the;use;of;expr;and;replaced;it;by;the;let;
#;command.;


#;check;for;command;line;arguments;
if;[;$#;-ne;1;];;then;
echo;"Usage:;msinfo;";
exit;1;
fi;

#;check;whether;the;input;name;is;a;block;device;
if;[;!;-b;$1;];;then;
echo;"msinfo:;$1;is;not;a;block;device";
exit;1;
fi;

#;create;two;temporary;files;for;use;
TMPFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`;
if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then;
echo;"msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...";
exit;1;
fi;

TXTFILE=`mktemp;-q;/tmp/$0.XXXXXX`;
if;[;$?;-ne;0;];;then;
echo;"msinfo:;Can't;create;temp;file,;exiting...";
rm;-f;$TMPFILE;
exit;1;
fi;

back_title="`printf;"%78s";"msinfo,;Information;about;FAT16;filesystem;--
Rahul;
Joshi"`";

dialog;--title;"Boot;sector;of;$1";--backtitle;"$back_title";--infobox
"nAnalysing;boot;sector;for;$1nPlease;wait;...";14;60;

#;truncate;TXTFILE;to;zero;length;
echo;>;$TXTFILE;

#;get;Formatting;DOS;version;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=3;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%sn";"Formatting;DOS;version";"`cat;$TMPFILE`"


#;get;file;system;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=8;skip=54;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%sn";"Filesystem";"`cat;$TMPFILE`";

#;check;if;filesystem;in;a;FAT16;
if;[;"`cat;$TMPFILE`";!=;"FAT16;";];;then;
dialog;--title;"Boot;sector;of;$1";--backtitle;"$back_title";--infobox
"nCan't;find;a;FAT16;filesystem;on;$1";14;60;
exit;2;
fi;

#;get;volume;label;in;boot;sector;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=11;skip=43;|;dd;2>/dev/null;of=$TMPFILE;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%sn";"Volume;label;in;boot;sector";"`cat
$TMPFILE`";

#;get;Sector;size;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=11|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null
of=$TMPFILE;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%dn";"Sector;size";`cat;$TMPFILE`;
sector_size=`cat;$TMPFILE`;


#;get;Reserved;sectors;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=14|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null
of=$TMPFILE;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%dn";";Reserved;sectors";`cat;$TMPFILE`;
reserved_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`;


#;get;FAT;sectors;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=1;skip=16|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null
of=$TMPFILE;
fat_count=`cat;$TMPFILE`;

dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=22|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null
of=$TMPFILE;
sectors_per_fat=`cat;$TMPFILE`;

#;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;FAT's;
let;fat_sectors=fat_count*sectors_per_fat;

printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%u;(%u;x;%u);n";"FAT;sectors";"$fat_sectors"
"$fat_count";"$sectors_per_fat";


#;get;root;directory;sectors;
dd;2>/dev/null;if=$1;bs=1;count=2;skip=17|;od;-An;-tdS;|;dd;2>/dev/null
of=$TMPFILE;
root_sectors=`cat;$TMPFILE`;

#;calculate;the;no;of;sectors;allocated;for;root;directory;
let;root_sectors=root_sectors*32/sector_size;

printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%un";"Root;directory;sectors";"$root_sectors";


#;get;Total;special;sectors;
let;total=reserved_sectors+fat_sectors+root_sectors;
printf;>>$TXTFILE;"%30s;:;%un";"Total;special;sectors";"$total";

#;display;the;information;in;a;message;box;
dialog;--title;"Boot;sector;of;$1";--backtitle;"$back_title";--msgbox
"`cat;$TXTFILE`";14;60;

#;delete;temporary;files;
rm;-f;$TMPFILE;
rm;-f;$TXTFILE;

#;end;of;msinfo.sh;

2.;swapinit.sh;
#!/bin/sh;
#;
#;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition;
#;
#;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi;
#;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space;
#;

echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;';

loopcount=0;

#;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not;
activated=0;

#;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up;
while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;];
do;
if;[;"`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`";=
'SWAPSPACE2';];;then;

echo;"Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount";
echo;"Activating;swap;partitions";
swapon;/dev/winswap;
activated=1;
break;

elif;[;"`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`";=
'FAT16';];;then;
echo;"DOS;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount";
echo;"Making;swap;partition";
mkswap;/dev/winswap;377496;
echo;"Activating;swap;partitions";
swapon;/dev/winswap;
activated=1;
break;

else;
let;loopcount=loopcount+1;
fi;

done;


if;[;$activated;-ne;1;];;;then;
echo;"Swap;signature;not;found;after;$loopcount;tries";
echo;"No;swapping;partitions;activated";
exit;1;
fi;

3.;swaphalt.sh;
#!/bin/sh;
#;
#;/etc/rc.d/init.d/swapinit.sh;-;activate;the;swap;partition;
#;
#;written;by;Rahul;U.;Joshi;
#;Verify;and;initialize;swap;space;
#;

echo;-n;'Verifying;swap;space...;';

loopcount=0;

#;flag;to;indicate;whether;the;partition;has;been;activated;or;not;
activated=0;

#;check;for;signatures;6;times;before;giving;up;
while;[;$loopcount;-lt;6;];
do;
if;[;"`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=10;skip=4086`";=
'SWAPSPACE2';];;then;

echo;"Linux;signature;found,;iteration;$loopcount";
echo;"Activating;swap;partitions";
swapon;/dev/winswap;
activated=1;
break;

elif;[;"`/bin/dd;2>/dev/null;if=/dev/winswap;bs=1;count=5;skip=54`";=
'FAT16';];;then;