Solaris 8.0 常用命令解釋

Debugging
truss executable
/* Trace doing of given command ( useful debugging ) */
truss -f -p <pid of a shell>
/* Using multiple windows, this can be used to trace setuid/setgid programs */
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Arp, ethernet trouble shooting
arp -a .
/* Shows the ethernet address arp table */
arp -d myhost
/* Delete a stale ethernet entry for host myhost */

Disk Commands
du -k .
/* Reports disk space used in Kilobytes */
du -sk .
/* Reports only total disk space used in Kilobytes */
du -ad /var | sort -nr
/* Tells you how big the /var files are in reverse order */
fdformat -d -U
/* Format diskette */
/usr/bin/iostat -E
/* Command to display drives statistics */
/bin/mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom
/* Mount an ISO 9660 CDROM */
prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2
/* Disk geometry and partitioning info */
quot -af
/* How much space is used by users in kilobytes */

Driver Parameters
ndd /dev/ip \?
/* Shows IP variables in the kernel */
ndd /dev/ip ip_forwarding
/* Tells you if forwarding is on (=1) */
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1
/* Enables IP forwarding between interfaces */

File Manipulation
dos2unix | -ascii <filename>
/* Converts DOS file formats to Unix */
split
/* Split files into pieces */
[vi] : %s/existing/new/g
/* Search and Replace text in vi */
[vi] :set nu
/* Set line numbers in vi */
[vi] :set ts=[num]
/* Set tab stops in vi */

File System
cat /dev/null > filename
/* Zero's out the file without breaking pipe */
dd if=/dev/rdsk/... of=/dev/rdsk/... bs=4096
/* Make a mirror image of your boot disk */
df -k | grep dg| awk '{print $6}' |xargs -n 1 umount
/* Unmount all file systems in disk group dg */
fsck -F ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check a UFS filesystem on c0t0d0s0 */
fsck -F ufs -y /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check answering yes to all questions */
fsck -F ufs -o b=97472 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
/* Check using an alternate super block */
gzip -dc file1.tar.gz | tar xf -
/* Unpack .tar.gz files in place */
ls -la | awk '{ print $5," ",$9 }' | sort -rn
/* File sizes of current directory */
mount -f pcfs /dev/dsk/c0d0p1 /export/dos
/* Mount DOS fdisk partition from Solaris */
mount -F ufs -o rw,remount /
/* Used to remount root to make it writeable */
mount -o remount,logging /spare
/* Re-mount the ro file system rw and turn on ufs logging */
tar cvf filename.tar
/* Create a tape (tar) archive */
tar xvf filename.tar
/* Extract a tape (tar) archive */
tar cf - . | (cd /newdir ; tar xf -)
/* Recursively copy files and their permissions */
/sbin/uadmin x x
/* Syncs File Systems and Reboots systems fast */
zcat <patch_file.tar.Z | tar xvf -
/* Extract the patch_file that is a compressed tar file */

File Transfer
put "| tar cf - ." filename.tar
/* Undocumented Feature of FTP */
find . -depth | cpio -pdmv /path/tobe/copied/to
/* Fast alternative to cp -pr */
sendport
/* Transferring large numbers of files within the same ftp control session */

General
/usr/bin/catman -w
/* Create windex databases for man page directories */
mailx -H -u <username>
/* List out mail headers for specified user */
set filec
/* Set file-completion for csh */

Hardware
cfgadm
/* Verify reconfigurable hardware resources */
m64config -prconf
/* Print M64 hardware configuration */
m64config -depth 8|24
/* Sets the screen depth of your M64 graphics accelerator */
m64config -res 'video_mode'
/* Change the resolution of your M64 graphics accelerator */

Kernel
/usr/sbin/modinfo
/* Display kernel module information */
/usr/sbin/modload <module>
/* Load a kernel module */
/usr/sbin/modunload -i <module id>
/* Unload a kernel module */
nm -x /dev/ksyms | grep OBJ | more
/* Tuneable kernel parameters */
/usr/sbin/sysdef
/* Show system kernal tunable details */

Memory
prtconf | grep "Memory size"
/* Display Memory Size */

Network Information
ndd /dev/arp arp_cache_report
/* Prints ARP table in cache with IP and MAC address */
netstat -a | grep EST | wc -l
/* Displays number active established connections to the localhost */
netstat -k hme0
/* Undocumented netstat command */
netstat -i
/* Show the TCP/IP network interfaces */
netstat -np
/* Similar to arp -a without name resolution */
netstat -r
/* Show network route table */
netstat -rn
/* Displays routing information but bypasses hostname lookup. */
netstat -a | more
/* Show the state of all sockets */
traceroute <ipaddress>
/* Follow the route to the ipaddress */

Network/Tuning
ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500
/* Change MTU of interface */
ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255
/* Add an Interface */
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 inet 10.210.xx.xxx netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.210.xxx.xxx
/* Virtual Interfaces */
/sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 up
/* Bring virtual interface up */
/usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1
/* Nailling to 100Mbps */
ndd -set /dev/ip ip_addrs_per_if 1-8192
/* To set more than 256 virtual ip addresses. */
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_xmit_hiwat 65535
/* Increase TCP-transmitbuffers */
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 65535
/* Increase TCP-receivebuffers */

Processes
fuser -uc /var
/* Processes that are running from /var */
kill -HUP `ps -ef | grep [p]roccess | awk '{print $2}'`
/* HUP any related process in one step */
pfiles <pid>
/* Shows processes' current open files */
pkill -n <name>
/* Kill a process by name */
kill `ps -ef | grep program_name | grep -v grep | cut -f8 -d ' '`
/* pkill for solaris 2.6 */
prstat -a
/* An alternative for top command */
/usr/ucb/ps -aux | more
/* Displays CPU % usage for each process in ascending order */
/usr/ucb/ps -auxww | grep <process name>
/* Gives the full listing of the process (long listing) */
ps -ef | grep -i <string> | awk '{ print $2 }'
/* Creates list of running PID by */
ps -ef | grep -v "0:00" | more
/* Gives you a list of any process with CPU