計算機常用術語(2)

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計算機常用術語(2)

計算機公司
ali: acer lab(宏棋實驗室)
asf: applied science fiction
amd: advanced micro device(超微半導體)
ami: american megatrends incorporated
ear(extreme audio reality)
hp: hewlett-packard，美國惠普公司
ibm: international business machine，，國際商業機器
idg(international data group，國際數據集團)
ims: international meta system
mle：microsoft learning and entertainment，微軟教學與娛樂公司
ms(microsoft，微軟)
nai: network associates incorporation，前身為mcafee。
ns(national semiconductor，國家半導體)
pmi: pacific magtron international
sce(sony computer entertainment，索尼計算機娛樂部)
sgi：silicon graphics
sis: silicon integrated systems，硅片綜合系統公司
umc(united microelectronics corporation，台灣聯華電子公司，半導體制造商)
wd(western digital，西部數據)
zd(ziff-davis出版公司)

組織
cbf: cable broadband forum，電纜寬帶論壇
cema(consumer electronics manufacturing association(消費者電子制造業協會)
cpe: customer premise equipment(用戶預定設備)
csa: canadian standards association(加拿大標准協會)
dca: defense communication agency，國防部通信局
doj: department of justice(反不正當競爭部門)
dsp: delivery service partner(交付服務合伙人)
dvb：digital video broadcasting，數字視頻廣播
e3：electronic entertainment expo，電子娛樂展覽會
eff: electronic frontier foundation(電子前線基金會)
epa(environmental protection agency，美國環境保護局)
fcc: federal communications commission(聯邦通信委員會)
ftc: federal trade commission，聯邦商業委員會
gdc(game developer conference，游戲發展商會議)
isscc(international solid-state circuits conference，國際晶體管電路討論會)
icsa: international computer security association(國際計算機安全協會),它的前身為ncsa(national computer security association,國家計算機安全協會)
ieee(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，電子電路工程師協會)
ifwp: international forum white paper，國際白皮書論壇
iso/mpeg: international standard organization's moving picture expert group(國際標准化組織的活動圖片專家組)
itaa: information technology association of american，美國信息技術協會
mac(mobile advisory council)
mcsp: microsoft certified solution providers，微軟認證解決方案供應商
mjpeg(motion joint photographic experts group，移動式連續圖像專家組)
mma: midi manufacturer association(midi制造商聯盟)
ncta: national cable television association，美國電纜電視協會
nia: networking interoperatility alliance(網絡互操作聯盟)
nbitd(national board for industrual and technical development，瑞典國立工業和技術發展委員會制訂)
oaaf：open arcade architecture forum，開放式arcade體系論壇
oem(original equipment manufacturer，原始設備制造商)
oif: optical internetworking forum，光纖互連網絡論壇
riaa(recording industry association of america，美國唱片工業協會)
rio: redistributed internet object(因特網分配組織)
sia(the semiconductor industries association，半導體工業協會)
spa: software publishers association，軟件出版商協會
tsowu(the swedish office worker's union，瑞典辦公人員聯合會，以制訂tco標准著稱)
uawg: universal adsl working group(通用adsl工作組)
ucaid:university corporation for advanced internet development
ul: underwriters laboratories inc.(新產品承諾實驗室)
var: value added resellers(增值分銷商)
w3c(world wide web consortium，萬維網協會)
whql(microsoft windows hardware quality lab，微軟公司視窗硬件質量實驗室)
winhec: windows hardware engineering conference，視窗硬件工程會議

打印機
aas(automatic area seagment?)
dpi(dot per inch，每英寸的打印像素)
ecp(extended capabilities port，延長能力端口)
epp(enhanced parallel port，增強形平行接口)
ipp(internet printing protocol，因特網打印協議)
ppm(paper per minute，頁/分)
spp(standard parallel port，標准並行口)
tet(text enhanced technology，文本增強技術)
usbdcdpd(universal serial bus device class definition for printing devices，打印設備的通用串行總線級標准)
vd(variable dot，變點式列印)

掃描儀
twain(toolkit without an interesting name)協議

磁盤
aat(average access time，平均存取時間)
abs(auto balance system，自動平衡系統)
asmo(advanced storage magneto-optical，增強形光學存儲器)
ast(average seek time，平均尋道時間)
ata(at attachment，at擴展型)
atomm(advanced super thin-layer and high-output metal media，增強形超薄高速金屬媒體)
bps(bit per second，位/秒)
cam(common access model，公共存取模型)
css(common command set，通用指令集)
dma(direct memory access，直接內存存取)
dvd(digital video disk，數字視頻光盤)
eide(enhanced integrated drive electronics，增強形電子集成驅動器)
fat(file allocation tables，文件分配表)
fdbm(fluid dynamic bearing motors，液態軸承馬達)
fdc(floppy disk controller，軟盤驅動器控制裝置)
fdd(floppy disk driver，軟盤驅動器)
gmr(giant magnetoresistive，巨型磁阻)
hda(head disk assembly，磁頭集合)
hifd(high-capacity floppy disk，高容量軟盤)
ide(integrated drive electronics，電子集成驅動器)
lba(logical block addressing，邏輯塊尋址)
mbr(master boot record，主引導記錄)

mtbf(mean time before failure，平均故障時間)
pio(programmed input output，可編程輸入輸出模式)
prml(partial response maximum likelihood，最大可能部分反應，用於提高磁盤讀寫傳輸率)
rpm(rotation per minute，轉/分)
rsd: removable storage device(移動式存儲設備)
scsi(small computer system interface，小型計算機系統接口)
scma：scsi configured auto magically，scsi自動配置
s.m.a.r.t.(self-monitoring， analysis and reporting technology，自動監測、分析和報告技術)
sps(shock protection system，抗震保護系統)
sta(scsi trade association，scsi同業公會)
ultra dma(ultra direct memory access，超高速直接內存存取)
lvd(low voltage differential)
seagate硬盤技術
discwizard(磁盤控制軟件)
dst(drive self test，磁盤自檢程序)
seashield(防靜電防撞擊外殼)

光驅
atapi(at attachment packet interface)
bcf(boot catalog file，啟動目錄文件)
bif(boot image file，啟動映像文件)
cdr(cd recordable，可記錄光盤)
cd-rom/xa(cd－rom extended architecture，唯讀光盤增強形架構)
cdrw(cd-rewritable，可重復刻錄光盤)
clv(constant linear velocity，恆定線速度)
dae(digital audio extraction，數據音頻抓取)
ddss(double dynamic suspension system，雙懸浮動態減震系統)
ddss ii(double dynamic suspension system ii，第二代雙層動力懸吊系統)
pcav(part constant angular velocity，部分恆定角速度)
vcd(video cd，視頻cd)

RAM & ROM
abp: address bit permuting，地址位序列改變
atc(access time from clock，時鐘存取時間)
bsram(burst pipelined synchronous static ram，突發式管道同步靜態存儲器) cas(column address strobe，列地址控制器)
cct(clock cycle time，時鐘周期)
db: deep buffer(深度緩沖)
ddr sdram(double date rate，雙數據率sdram)
dil(dual-in-line)
dimm(dual in-line memory modules，雙重內嵌式內存模塊)
dram(dynamic random access memory，動態隨機存儲器)
drdram(direct rambus dram，直接rambus內存)
ecc(error checking and correction，錯誤檢查修正)
eeprom(electrically erasable programmable rom，電擦寫可編程只讀存儲器)
fm: flash memory(快閃存儲器)
fmd rom (fluorescent material read only memory，熒光質只讀存儲器)
pirom：processor information rom，處理器信息rom
pledm: phase-state low electron(hole)-number drive memory
qbm(quad band memory，四倍邊帶內存)
rac(rambus asic cell，rambus集成電路單元)
ras(row address strobe，行地址控制器)
rdram(rambus direct ram，直接型rambusram)