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MySQL update 後返回更新值(RETURNING)詳解

如果你想直接在mysql中取得剛剛update的那一行記錄,那麼,本教程就適合你閱讀了,下面我們來講講在不查詢表的情況下返回update的數據。

在寫SQL中,經常會有諸如更新了一行記錄,之後要獲取更新過的這一行。 本身從程序來說,沒啥難度,大不了把這行緩存起來,完了直接訪問。 但是從數據庫的角度出發,怎麼能快速的拿出來,而又不對原表進行二次掃描? 比如其他數據庫提供了如下的語法來實現:


返回更新掉的行:



    t_girl=# update t1 set log_time = now() where id in (1,2,3) returning *;
     id | log_time
    ----+----------------------------
      1 | 2014-11-26 11:06:53.555217
      2 | 2014-11-26 11:06:53.555217
      3 | 2014-11-26 11:06:53.555217
    (3 rows)


    UPDATE 3
    Time: 6.991 ms




返回刪除掉的行:



    t_girl=# delete from t1 where id < 2 returning *;
     id | log_time
    ----+----------------------------
      1 | 2014-11-26 11:06:53.555217
    (1 row)


    DELETE 1
    Time: 6.042 ms

返回插入後的行:



    t_girl=# insert into t1 select 1,now() returning *;
     id | log_time
    ----+----------------------------
      1 | 2014-11-26 11:07:40.431766
    (1 row)


    INSERT 0 1
    Time: 6.107 ms
    t_girl=#



那在MySQL裡如何實現呢?
我可以創建幾張內存表來來保存這些返回值,如下:



    CREATE TABLE t1_insert ENGINE MEMORY SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE FALSE;
    CREATE TABLE t1_update ENGINE MEMORY SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE FALSE;
    CREATE TABLE t1_delete ENGINE MEMORY SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE FALSE;


    ALTER TABLE t1_insert ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);
    ALTER TABLE t1_update ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);
    ALTER TABLE t1_delete ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);



以上建立了三張表來存放對應的操作。 t1_insert 保存插入;t1_update 保存更新;t1_delete 保存刪除。


那這樣的話,我來創建對應的觸發器完成。







    DELIMITER $$


    USE `t_girl`$$


    DROP TRIGGER /*!50032 IF EXISTS */ `tr_t1_insert_after`$$


    CREATE
        /*!50017 DEFINER = 'root'@'localhost' */
        TRIGGER `tr_t1_insert_after` AFTER INSERT ON `t1`
        FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
          REPLACE INTO t1_insert VALUES (new.id,new.log_time);
        END;
    $$


    DELIMITER ;




    DELIMITER $$


    USE `t_girl`$$


    DROP TRIGGER /*!50032 IF EXISTS */ `tr_t1_update_after`$$


    CREATE
        /*!50017 DEFINER = 'root'@'localhost' */
        TRIGGER `tr_t1_update_after` AFTER UPDATE ON `t1`
        FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
          REPLACE INTO t1_update VALUES (new.id,new.log_time);
        END;
    $$


    DELIMITER ;




    DELIMITER $$


    USE `t_girl`$$


    DROP TRIGGER /*!50032 IF EXISTS */ `tr_t1_delete_after`$$


    CREATE
        /*!50017 DEFINER = 'root'@'localhost' */
        TRIGGER `tr_t1_delete_after` AFTER DELETE ON `t1`
        FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
          REPLACE INTO t1_delete VALUES (old.id,old.log_time);;
        END;
    $$


    DELIMITER ;





創建好了以上的表和觸發器後, 拿到返回值就非常容易了, 我直接從以上幾張表來查詢就是。


我現在來演示:
更新:



    mysql> truncate table t1_update;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> UPDATE t1 SET log_time = NOW() WHERE id < 15;
    Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0





獲取更新記錄:



    mysql> select * from t1_update;
    +----+----------------------------+
    | id | log_time |
    +----+----------------------------+
    | 12 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    | 13 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    | 14 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    +----+----------------------------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)




插入:



    mysql> truncate table t1_insert;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,NOW());
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)





獲取插入記錄:



    mysql> select * from t1_insert;
    +----+----------------------------+
    | id | log_time |
    +----+----------------------------+
    | 1 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    +----+----------------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)





刪除:



    mysql> truncate table t1_delete;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


    mysql> DELETE FROM t1 WHERE id < 15;
    Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)




獲取刪除記錄:



    mysql> select * from t1_delete;
    +----+----------------------------+
    | id | log_time |
    +----+----------------------------+
    | 1 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    | 12 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    | 13 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    | 14 | 2014-11-26 13:38:06.000000 |
    +----+----------------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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