一個定時腳本select表的時候頻繁報錯,具體錯誤如:...... General error: 2006 MySQL server has gone away. The SQL statement executed was: SELECT * FROM ......,檢查了一下發現是由於這是一個循環裡面的select查詢,而兩次select的查詢間隔超過了數據庫定義的wait_timeout時長,即mysql長連接很久沒有新的請求發起,達到了server端的wait_timeout的值後,被server強行關閉,即MySQL鏈接超時,經過一番測試,得出解決辦法如下:
使用 mysql_ping() 函數 Ping 一個服務器連接,如果存在連接,則返回 true。如果失敗,則返回 false。這裡如果沒有連接則重新連接。
<?php
class MySQL(){
private $link;
......
function connect(){
$this->link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','123456');
}
......
function ping(){
if(!mysql_ping($this->link)){
mysql_close($this->link);//注意:一定要先執行數據庫關閉,這是關鍵
$this->connect();//連接MySQL,當然這個方法根據自己的情況進行修改
}
}
......
}
具體查看mysql服務器相關timeout的設置可使用如下查詢命令:
show global variables like '%timeout';
得到的結果可能如下:
+-----------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------+----------+
| connect_timeout | 10 |
| delayed_insert_timeout | 300 |
| innodb_flush_log_at_timeout | 1 |
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 60 |
| innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF |
| interactive_timeout | 30 |
| lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 |
| net_read_timeout | 30 |
| net_write_timeout | 60 |
| rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 |
| slave_net_timeout | 3600 |
| wait_timeout | 30 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
當然可能還有其他的情況會引起MySQL報 MySQL server has gone away 這種錯誤了,這裡就不一一詳解了。
MySQL server has gone away 報錯原因分析及解決辦法
原因1. MySQL 服務宕了
判斷是否屬於這個原因的方法很簡單,執行以下命令,查看mysql的運行時長
$ mysql -uroot -p -e "show global status like 'uptime';"
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Uptime | 68928 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)
或者查看MySQL的報錯日志,看看有沒有重啟的信息
$ tail /var/log/mysql/error.log
130101 22:22:30 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 256.0M
130101 22:22:30 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
130101 22:22:30 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
130101 22:22:30 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 63444325509
130101 22:22:30 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3306
130101 22:22:30 [Note] - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1';
130101 22:22:30 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
130101 22:22:30 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
130101 22:22:30 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.5.28-cll' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
如果uptime數值很大,表明mysql服務運行了很久了。說明最近服務沒有重啟過。
如果日志沒有相關信息,也表名mysql服務最近沒有重啟過,可以繼續檢查下面幾項內容。
2. 連接超時
如果程序使用的是長連接,則這種情況的可能性會比較大。
即,某個長連接很久沒有新的請求發起,達到了server端的timeout,被server強行關閉。
此後再通過這個connection發起查詢的時候,就會報錯server has gone away
$ mysql -uroot -p -e "show global variables like '%timeout';"
+----------------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+----------+
| connect_timeout | 30 |
| delayed_insert_timeout | 300 |
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 |
| innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF |
| interactive_timeout | 28800 |
| lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 |
| net_read_timeout | 30 |
| net_write_timeout | 60 |
| slave_net_timeout | 3600 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+----------------------------+----------+
mysql> SET SESSION wait_timeout=5;
## Wait 10 seconds
mysql> SELECT NOW();
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 132361
Current database: *** NONE ***
+---------------------+
| NOW() |
+---------------------+
| 2013-01-02 11:31:15 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3. 進程在server端被主動kill
這種情況和情況2相似,只是發起者是DBA或者其他job。發現有長時間的慢查詢執行kill xxx導致。
$ mysql -uroot -p -e "show global status like 'com_kill'"
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Com_kill | 0 |
+---------------+-------+
4. Your SQL statement was too large.
當查詢的結果集超過 max_allowed_packet 也會出現這樣的報錯。定位方法是打出相關報錯的語句。
用select * into outfile 的方式導出到文件,查看文件大小是否超過 max_allowed_packet ,如果超過則需要調整參數,或者優化語句。
mysql> show global variables like 'max_allowed_packet';
+--------------------+---------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+---------+
| max_allowed_packet | 1048576 |
+--------------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
修改參數:
mysql> set global max_allowed_packet=1024*1024*16;
mysql> show global variables like 'max_allowed_packet';
+--------------------+----------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------+----------+
| max_allowed_packet | 16777216 |
+--------------------+----------+